
The 35 degree solution
For years I’ve had to avoid my wife, for fear that she would again ask me how long she must wait before I will replace our leaky, ineffective dishwasher. This Indesit was so old that the last few repairs have required salvaging used spares. I had been procrastinating that decision even though I knew that it would reduce wasted water and electricity. My procrastination had nothing to do with a fondness for mopping the floor or scraping crud off the bottoms of teacups. I simply feared the amount of research that would go into finding an energy-efficient, water-conserving dishwasher that gets dishes clean. I am happy to report that my new Bosch SGS44E12EU (also called the SGS43E02EU) arrived today, and the investigation was not quite as painful as I had anticipated.
Not that I got everything that I wanted. My first goal was to find a dishwasher that could make use of the spare hot water my solar panels produce for nine months of the year. Alas, a Bosch technical representative explained to me that no domestic washer has hot and cold intakes, and the intake valve on a Bosch dishwasher could not tolerate a temperature above 40 degrees. This would require me fitting an expensive mixer valve to cool the water before it entered the machine. Besides, he explained that the way modern dishwashers work is to start with cold water and gradually raise the temperature. Use hot water in the first cycle, he warned, and you will bake the food onto the plates. I gave up on that track.
The next step was to compare water and electricity usage of various dishwashers. In Europe, Australia and many other markets, this is a simple task. Each appliance is labeled with a large sticker showing energy consumption, water consumption and an overall A-G rating. Dishwashers in Europe get three ratings: one for energy consumption, one for washing efficiency and one for drying efficiency. The Department of Minerals and Energy has long been promising South Africans a similar system, starting with refrigerators in May of 2005. Two and a half years later, the only appliances with an energy labels are a few imports with their European label intact.
Still, through the Internet, brochures and the Which? website, it was possible to get information from overseas efficiency ratings. Bosch’s South African website, for example, clearly displays the European ratings and consumption data for all of its dishwashers. (Curiously, they don’t display that information for their tumble driers, which, like the vast majority of these energy hogs, get Cs.) All of Bosch’s dishwashers get European As for energy consumption, which means that they use less than 1.06 kilowatt hour for a standard 50 degree wash. Not coincidentally then, many dishwashers, including all of the Bosch dishwashers sold in SA use exactly 1.05 kWh. The one I chose also uses a modest 17 litres of water for a standard wash. The top-of-the-line SGS 46 E 28 GB uses a mere 12 litres. But it costs R6399, a full R3000 more than mine, which is a lot of money to pay to save the equivalent of less than a flush of the toilet.
More important, the upper-range dishwashers have 45 degrees as their coolest setting. The economical dishwasher I chose goes down to 35 degrees. My sister-in-law uses a Bosch similar to mine and says that she never moves it from that coolest setting. She doesn’t rinse anything before putting it into the dishwasher, and even sticky porridge bowls come out clean. I haven’t succeeded in getting the data from Bosch on the electricity consumption of a 35 degree wash, but I did my own calculations. Since it uses 1,05 kWh for a 50 degree wash, and since heating 17 litres of water by 15 degrees should theoretically require 0,28 kWh, the 35 degree wash should use approximately 0,77 of a kWh.
A while ago, I checked the consumption of my old dishwasher at home, using the same, moderately precise methods I used to check electricity lost to chargers, transformers, appliances on standby and other vampires. It used 1.35 kWh on its lowest setting and guzzled 35 litres of water. Worse yet, because it cleaned so poorly, we used many more litres rinsing dishes. This is a purchase my gardener will appreciate. (Why? See here.)
My dishwasher only gets a C for drying efficiency, but that’s because it doesn’t have the electricity-wasting drying feature. It should get an A+ for leaving that off.
If you want to read a good overview of dishwashing written with a sense of humour, check out the Appliance Advisor’s guide to green dishwashing. By the time you are finished reading it, you will be convinced never to rinse your dishes again before putting them in the machine.
But do you even need a dishwashing machine? Advertisements for dishwashers often claim that they use far less water and energy than hand washing. I’m not so sure. Washing carefully, with 5 liters of solar-heated rinse water in one sink and 10 litres of solar-heated soapy water in another, I could beat any dishwasher on energy consumption. But my new dishwasher is a big step in the right direction. And it’s a lot better for my marriage.
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March 24th, 2008 at 6:10 pm
I have recently also replaced my old dishwasher with a new LG dishwasher. The manual indicates that the unit can be connected to the hot water tap and I have done so, but the unit actually still heats the water – so no real value in doing that. I do not agree with the comment that hot water from the start will bake the food onto the plates – I have not encountered that. Will comment again once I have removed the unit from the hot water tap.
March 25th, 2008 at 1:00 pm
This is interesting. I know that at least some LG washing machines for laundry have both hot and cold intakes, but I didn’t know about the dishwashers. Does it have one intake that can be plumbed hot or cold, or does it have two intakes? Is there a maximum temperature for the intake hose? What is the LG model number? What is its lowest wash temperature setting?
And how do you know that the unit is still heating the water? It would expect it to work on a thermostat and heat the water only if it is below the target temperature.
The baking question merits a closer look. I know that the fast dishwashers used in restaurants do blast the dishes with hot water from the start.
You didn’t say how you heat your water. I don’t imagine there is any environmental benefit to plumbing with hot water unless your geysers are heated with gas or solar.
March 25th, 2008 at 8:31 pm
No the machine (LG model LD-2120WH) only has one intake, but the manual states: “if the water exceeds 65deg C adjust the temperature down” and “may be fed either with hot or cold water”.
I had hoped that it would work with a thermostat and not heat the water if it was already hot enough. I have a very interesting electronic meter that looks like a digital timeswitch that displays Volt and Amps and Watt for the mains that it supplies. Had it been equipped with a thermostat to not heat the water it would probably have been possible to work out a time and method to utilise the last hot water in the geyser after all had showered. Now however it does not make sense. This is not a fancy LG – it washes dishes. It has an Auto, Eco and Quick and prewash program – we use Quick, it finishes within 32 minutes, the other programs are too long.
April 9th, 2008 at 4:36 pm
I’m not sure I understand you fully, but I think you are saying that your electronic meter tells you that the washing machine is heating the water despite the fact that it is connected to the hot water tap. I just spoke to a top technical person at Bosch (LG people are harder to reach) who told me that washing machines and dishwasher generally use thermostats no matter what the brand. Certainly all Bosch washers do.
Therefore I have two theories. The first is that your dishwasher is heating the water because water from the hot tap always runs cold at first. The second is that the LG’s thermostat is broken, in which case you need to have it fixed or it will waste energy.
Still, it appears that you have solar geysers, and therefore would need to find a way to prevent super-hot water from reaching the machine in the summer. I hope appliance manufacturers will take those of us with sun-heated water into consideration in the future.
May 18th, 2008 at 11:27 pm
Did you read what NoseWeek had to say about dishwasher advertising?
I’d guess that LG is about as good as you’ll get. I recently bought a LG washing machine and its electricity use seems as economical as it can be. It has a steam cycle, which is a real energy saver for lightly soiled clothes.
May 26th, 2008 at 12:52 pm
I haven’t read the Noseweek article, but I have heard about it and I believe it contests the idea that dishwashers use less water than handwashing. This issue is dealt with quite well on this web page:
http://www.applianceadvisor.com/greenzone.htm#consumerhand
My experience is that hand dishwashing done carefully with a plugged sink and in bulk, not one dish at a time, uses less water and therefore less electricity than a dishwasher. If your water is solar-heated, hand washing is even better. But modern dishwashers are more efficient than hand washing with the water running constantly.